"Surveillance initiatives also confirmed the presence of lyssavirus in both Pteropid (Gould ''et al''., 1998) and insectivorous bats (Gould ''et al''., 2002; Hooper ''et al''., 1997), and later, human infections were reported following encounters with both fruit and insectivorous bats (Allworth ''et al''., 1996; Hanna ''et al''., 2000; Warrilow, 2005; Warrilow ''et al''., 2002). Indeed, ABLV has now been isolated from five different bat species, all four species of Pteropodidae in Australia and from an insectivorous bat species, the yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat (''Saccolaimus flaviventris''), with two distinct lineages apparently circulating in insectivorous and frugivorous bats (Fraser ''et al''., 1996; Gould ''et al''., 1998, 2002; Guyatt ''et al''., 2003). Phylogenetically and serologically, ABLV isolates appear to be more closely related to RABV than any of the other Old World lyssaviruses (Fig. 2). Although the black flying fox is a native fruit bat to Australia and is present on islands to the north, ABLV has only been isolated in Australia. However, serosurveillance of bat populations in the Philippines has suggested that lyssavirus infection of bats might be more widespread than previously thought (Arguin ''et al''., 2002)."